Sociological analysis of migration intentions of Tuvan youth

Abstract

Relevance. In modern society, the mobility of the population, in particular the younger generation, is increasing. Young people are the most dynamic social group, which is open to new opportunities and directions. The relevance of studying the migration intentions of Tuvan youth is due to the fact that 31.7% of the population of Republic of Tyva are young people aged 14 to 35. The study of the migration intentions of young people helps to determine migration movements, motives and goals of migration.
Materials and methods. In June 2023, a sociological study was conducted by order of the Agency for Youth Affairs of Republic of Tyva. The research method was a mass survey of young people aged 14 to 35. The survey involved 1,503 people living in Kyzyl (34.9%), Ak-Dovurak (5.9%), 17 districts of Republic of Tyva (58.4%), as well as young people living outside the republic (0.8%).
Results. About half of the respondents expressed a desire to move to live outside the republic 42.6%. Every third respondent prefers to live and work in the republic 28.4%. 16.3% of young people would like to change their place of residence within the republic, among them the main share is rural youth. The main reasons for the migration of the younger generation are the search for work with a decent salary, obtaining higher and secondary specialized education, difficulties in acquiring real estate in the republic.
Conclusion. Migration sentiments among young people are quite high, about half of the survey participants are focused on moving outside the republic. The implementation of migration intentions of young people may lead to the threat of outflow of the young working population, which may entail serious economic and social consequences. Migration policy should be aimed at supporting young people in employment, solving housing problems, increasing the availability of social services, which will significantly reduce the outflow of young specialists outside the republic.